from Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary - 10th Ed    
Latin Phrase   Literally Translation   [Ref]

A fortiori adj. & adv. from the stronger For a stronger reason; all the more.
A posteriori adj. & adv. from the latter inductive; relating to or derived by reasoning from observed facts.
A priori adj. & adv. from the former deductive; relating to or derived by reasoning from self-evident propositions; presupposed by experience; being without examination or analysis; presumptive; formed or conceived beforehand.
Ad hominem adj. to the man appealing to feelings or prejudices rather than intellect; marked by an attack on an opponent's character rather than by an answer to the contentions made.
Ad infinitum adv. or adj. to the infinite without end or limit.
Ad nauseam adv. to sea-sickness to a sickening or excessive degree.
Camera obscura n. dark chamber a darkened enclosure having an aperture usu. provided with a lens through which light from external objects enters to form an image of the objects on the opposite surface.
Carpe diem n. pluck the day the enjoyment of the pleasures of the moment without concern for the future.
Casus belli n., sing. & pl. occasion of war an event or action that justifies or allegedly justifies a war or conflict.
Caveat n. let him beware a warning enjoining one from certain acts or practices; an explanation to prevent misinterpretation; a legal warning to a judicial officer to suspend a proceeding until the opposition has a hearing.
De facto adv. from the fact in reality; actually.
De jure adv. concerning the law by right; of right.
Dictum n. a thing said pl. dicta, also dictums; a noteworthy statement: as A: a formal pronouncement of a principle, proposition, or opinion B: an observation intended or regarded as authoritative; a judicial opinion on a point other than the precise issue involved in determining a case.
Et alii   and others and others; abbreviated as et al.
Et cetera   and the rest and others esp. of the same kind: and so forth; abbreviated as etc.
Ex parte adv. or adj. from part on or from one side or party only--used of legal proceedings; from a one-sided or partisan point of view.
Floruit n. he flourished a period of flourishing (as of a person or movement).
Habitat n. it inhabits the place or environment where a plant or animal naturally or normally lives and grows; the typical place of residence of a person or a group; a housing for a controlled physical environment in which people can live under surrounding inhospitable conditions (as under the sea; the place where something is commonly found).
In camera adv. in a chamber in private: secretly.
In loco parentis adv. in place of a parent in the place of a parent. n. regulation or supervision by an administrative body (as at a university) acting in loco parentis.
In medias res adv. into the midst of things in or into the middle of a narrative or plot.
Ipse dixit n. he himself said it an assertion made but not proved.
Ipso facto adv. by the fact itself by that very fact or act; as an inevitable result.
Lingua franca n. Frankish language pl. lingua francas or linguae francae; a common language consisting of Italian mixed with French, Spanish, Greek, and Arabic that was formerly spoken in Mediterranean ports; any of various languages used as common or commercial tongues among peoples of diverse speech; something resembling a common language.
Magna cum laude adv or adj with great praise with great distinction   <graduated magna cum laude>.
Magnum opus n. a great work a great work, esp: the greatest achievement of an artist or writer.
Memento n., remember!, to remember,
imperative of meminisse
pl. -tos or -toes; something that serves to warn or remind.
Memento mori n. remember that you must die a reminder of mortality; esp: death's-head.
Mirabile visu   wonderful to see wonderful to behold.
Mirabile dictu   wonderful to say wonderful to relate.
Ne plus ultra n. (go) no more beyond the highest point capable of being attained: acme; the most profound degree of a quality or state.
Noli me tangere n. do not touch me; a warning against touching or interference. [fr. Jesus' words to Mary Magdalene (Jn 20:17)]
Nolo contendere n. I do not wish to contend a plea in a criminal prosecution that without admitting guilt subjects the defendant to conviction but does not preclude denying the truth of the charges in a collateral proceeding.
Non sequitur n. it does not follow an inference that does not follow from the premises; specif: a fallacy resulting from a simple conversion of a universal affirmative proposition or from the transposition of a condition and its consequent; a statement (as a response) that does not follow logically from anything previously said.
Nota bene   mark well used to call attention to something important.
Pax n.   esp, cap: a period of general stability in international affairs under the influence of a dominant military power --usu. used in combination with a latinized name (Pax Americana, Pax Brittanica, Pax Romana).
Per capita adv. or adj. by heads equally to each individual; per unit of population: by or for each person   <the highest income per capita of any state in the union>.
Per diem adv. by the day by the day; for each day; adj. based on use or service by the day: daily; paid by the day; n. pl. per diems a daily allowance; a daily fee.
Persona grata adj. a pleasing person personally acceptable or welcome.
Persona non grata adj. a not-pleasing person personally unacceptable or unwelcome.
Post mortem   after death adj. occuring or done after death; pertaining to a post-mortem examination; n. a post-mortem examination, esp. an autopsy.
Post partum   after birth adj. of or occuring in the period shortly after childbirth.
Prima facie adv. at first appearance at first view: on the first appearance; adj. true, valid, or sufficient at first impression: apparent   <the theory ... gives a prima facie solution --R. J. Butler>; self-evident; legally sufficient to establish a fact or a case unless disproved   <prima facie evidence>.
Pro forma adj for form made or carried out in a perfunctory manner or as a formality; provided in advance to prescribe form or describe items   <pro forma invoice>.
Quod erat demonstrandum   which had to be shown which was to be proved.
Rara avis n. rare bird pl. rara avises or rarae aves; rarity.
Res ipsa loquitur   the affair itself speaks the affair speaks for itself.
RIP   Requiescat In Pace abbreviation, may HE rest in peace, may SHE rest in peace; requiescant in pace = may THEY rest in peace.
Sine die adv. without a day without any future date being designated (as for resumption): indefinitely   <the meeting adjourned sine die>.
Sine qua non n. without which not pl. sine qua nons; also sine quibus non; something absolutely indispensable or essential.
Sui generis adj. of its own kind constituting a class alone: unique, peculiar.
Summa cum laude adv. or adj. with highest praise with highest distinction   <graduated summa cum laude> --compare cum laude, magna cum laude.
Tabula rasa n. smoothed or erased tablet pl. tabulae rasae; the mind in its hypothetical primary blank or empty state before receiving outside impressions; something existing in its original pristine state.